The transformer is an electronic device used to increase, decrease, or proportion the voltage and current between the primary and secondary sides. In 1831, the first electrical transformer was invented by Michel Faraday. We have got modern transformers through various improvements.
No doubt in the future, it will be more stylish. The construction theme of a transformer is straightforward to recognize. This blog will describe the basic construction of a transformer, and it will be informative for the readers.
Table of Contents
Fundamental Elements for Construct a Transformer
The maximum works of the transformer depend on the core and the windings. So, the core and the windings are considered the main parts for constructing a transformer. A solid iron composed of silicon steel makes the core because it is known as a well electric conductor.
An insulated copper wire wound the core and made the primary and secondary winding.
Key Elements:
- Core
- Windings
Transformer Core Construction
Cores are constructed by the type of E, I, and U shape English letters. A part of the core-type windings is wound the outside of the core. And the shell-type windings are wound in the inner side of the core.
- Core-Type
- Shell-Type
Transformer Windings Construction (Two and Three phages)
Windings are very important for transformer construction. An electromagnetic induction law measures windings. This depends on the voltage, current flow, and the purposes to use. Because windings define a transformer, how does it work?
If the primary windings are more than the secondary windings, then it is called a step-down transformer. A Step-up transformer is called an opposite process of this. In the isolation transformer, the primary and the secondary coils turn number is the same.
The transformer’s primary windings are connected to the alternative current (AC) source, and the secondary windings are connected to the load, which is called the transformer’s output.
- Primary winding
- Secondary secondary
Magnetic Field Construction
The transformer works on the EMF induction law. EMF means Electromagnetic Force. When the insulated wire is wound with the core and connects with the AC and load source, it creates an EMF into the silicon core of the transformer. The EMF transfers electricity from the primary windings to the secondary windings without a physical wire connection.
Essential Parts of the Transformer construction
A digital transformer looks like a complex construction. But it is not true. The construction law of a transformer is straightforward. The turns number of the two phages, primary and secondary coil, creates the difference between the two sides. A three-phage transformer has three windings.
Windings are covered with a box/tank. The box/tank safe the inner parts of a transformer from the outside nature. Like moisture, rain, sunshine, or any other natural disaster. Some essential parts are outside of the tank, which helps manage the transformer’s work properly. Now I give a list of the parts of the transformer’s construction.
- Transformer tank
- Conservator tank
- Buchholz relay
- Terminal bushing
- Secondary bushing
- Transformer tank
- Breather
- Insulating oil
- Windings
- Core
- Cooler tubes
- Explosion vent
- Radiator
- Magnetic circuit
- Electric circuit
- Dielectric Circuit
The image is below shows the parts of the transformer’s conservator tank.
Some Important Transformer Construction
Transformers are used to change the voltage, current, and other aspects too. It saves the electric equipment for a surprising reason. Many transformers are used in the electricity sector, like the Step-Up transformer, Step-Down transformer, Isolation transformer, etc.
All of these are constructed with the same basis but different from the windings. A simple idea of these transformers construction is given below:
Step-Up Transformer
The construction method of a step-up transformer is the same as the other transformer. But the difference is the primary windings are less than the secondary windings. It converts the low voltage with high electricity to high voltage low electricity by sustaining the same frequency between the two windings.
Step-Down Transformer
The construction method of a step-down transformer is the same as the other transformer. But the difference is the primary windings are more than the secondary windings. It converts the high voltage low electricity to low voltage high electricity by sustaining the same frequency between the two windings.
`Isolation Transformer
An isolation transformer windings are different from the step up and step down transformer. The primary and the secondary windings are the same in the isolation transformer, and it’s called the ratio of 1:1 transformer—the identical windings of the primary and secondary pass the same current, same voltage, same frequency—isolation transformer used for the safety issue.
For example, an isolation transformer passes 5 amperes or 220 volts. Somehow the primary terminal rises 300 volts or 100 amperes; then, it transfers to the second terminal with the same level of 5 amperes and 220 volts. However, the primary and the secondary windings are the same. It saves electrical devices from an unexpected voltage or current from the AC source.
Transformer Construction Conclusion
This blog describes the basic construction idea of the transformer. The turn ratio of the transformer can separate the transformer from one another. A tank contains the whole parts of the transformer. The essential parts are connected sequences.
